Gas apparatus.



O. B. EVANS.

GAS APPARATUS.

APPLICATION HLED Aue 6.1912.

. L165 65?" Patented Dec. 28, 191.5.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

' P Q. 3 W v 5 wrwww 0. B. EVANS. GAS APPARKIUS. \PPLICATION FILED AUGTB, 1912.

' 1,3 Patented Dec. 28, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Q Q Q 4770/F/JEK OWEN BROOKE EVANS, OF LANSDOWNE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE UNITED GAS IMIR-OVEMENT COFPANY, F PHILfiDELIHIAz, PENNSYLVANIA, A CO ORA- T1031 0.? ZENNSYLVANIA.

Application filed. August 8, 19153.

To aZZ whom it may concern Be it known that I, OWEN BROOKE Evans a citizen of the United States, and a resi dent of Lansdowne, in the county of Dela- 5 were and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful IIXIPIGYIHGIUIS in Gas Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

The principal object of the present invention is to insure an economy in the combustion of producer gas with air and this object, in accordance with the present invention, is accomplished by automatically increasing the quantity of the air supplied for such combustion as the carbon monoxid or other combustible content of the producer gas, or the quantity of the gas itself, increases. 1

The invention may be practised by means 20 of a variety of apparatus which includes a slow opening air valve but for the sake of explanation I have selected for illi'lstration, among other types of apparatus, two types embodying features of the invention for illustration in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1, is an elevational view, partly in section, illustrating parts of a carbureted water gas set or apparatus embodying features of the invention, and Fig. 2, is a veiw, principally in'section illustrating a constructlon' embodying a modification of he invention. l.

In the process of manufacturing carco. .30 r. e

It is therefore evident that the quantity of secondary air admitted should vary con- Specincaticn of Letters Eatent.

bureted water gas the composition of the Patented-l ma Serial no 713,520. g;

lli siderably in order to con'r liletely burn thri l; air or insufiig carbon inonoxid Excess o cicnt air are both wasteful.

llxperimental investigations have shown that for conniilcte combustion the cubic feet of air required per minute at ditl'erent in tervals of the blow will be as follows:

CtLf/f. of air per minute. 30 580 .1. 00- 700 y 1. a0 sac 2. O0 950 y 2. 30 1060 3. 00-1- 1160 By this invention an economy is insured because the conditions are auttunaticallycontrolled for the production of complete or substantially complete combustion.

In the drawings 1 is the generator and 2 is the carbureter of an ordinary carburetor water gas set. During "the blow the vessel or chamber 2 is internally heated by the combustion of producer gas made in the generator 1 by the introduction of air through a pipe 3 and through an ignited fuel bed 1. The combustion of producer gas in the vessel 2 takes place along with secondary air which may be supplied through the connection 5. The secondary air pipe 6 is fit-ted with a valve 7 which is open during are blow and closed during the run, which latter is the period when water gas is made by passing stcani through the generator and carbureting the resultant water gas in the vessel previously heated by internal combustion. The vessei 2 is but a type and in some cases additional vessels, usually called fixing chambers, mayv be employed and the invention can be applied to those vessels. I

8, is a holder provided with a hell 9, connected as by a wire. rope or the like 10 with the operating handle 11 of a damper 12 arranged in the air pipe or conduit 6 on the side of the valve 7 away from the chamber or vessel 9-; that is, in the carbureter blast line ahead of the carbureterlgate valve 7. The interior of the bell 9 is connected through a three-way cook 13, either by a pipe 1 with the air pressure line 0, or with the atmosphere as by a pipe 15.

16, are regulating cocks in the pipes 14 and 15.

tab

17, is a counter-weight for the damper or valve 12. l

The three-way valve 13 may be operated in any convenient way but its arm is shown as connected by a link 18, bell-crank 19 and link with the handle 21 of the valve 7, so

that the operator may b working the handle 21 operate both the gate of the valve 7 andthc plug of the th1ce-way valve 13.

l.hroughout the run, the valve remains closhd and the three-way valve .13 is in such position that the-bell 9 is in communication with the air pressure in the pipe 6. During the run the bell is therefore elevated, as shown in dotted lines, against its stop with the result that by mean-.of the connection 10 the damper or valve 12 is brought to a closed position. At the beginning of the next blow the handle 21 is moved with the result that the valve 7 is opened and the hell 9 is put into communication by the movement of the three-way valve with the atmosphere. the bell icrmitting it to descend slowly and thusslowly 'iening the valve 01' damper 12 and automatically increasing the air supply to the chamber 2 during" the blow and as the carhonimonoxid content of the producer gas is increasing, At the end of the blow the handle 21 is again moved, the valve 7 closed, the hell put into communication with the air pressure in the pipe 6 and the valve or damper 12 again closed.

It may be desirable to vary the speed of travel otthe bell 9 durinqf diilerent portions or its travel and this may be accomplished by suspending at various heights, weights as 23, which rest upon the bell throughout a portion-oi" its travel and upon their supports at other portions of its travel,

thus in effect varying the weight of the bell and consequently its rate of movement. Such variations in the speed of travel of the bell operate upon the valve or damper 12 and so vary the speed of its movement during the blow. The position of the Weights 23 may e adjusted in respect to their sup ports as may be required.

The construction and mode of operation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2, is as has been above described in connection with Fig. 1, except follows: There is rovided an additional holder tank 24 and bell 25, the tank 24: is not open to the atmosv here as is the case with the holder 8 of fig. 1. The exterior and interior of the bell are connected by pressure pipes '26 and $37 to the throat and inlet, respectively, oi the Venturi' meter 28 interposed in the carburetor blast line fi The guided stein 9 ofithc holder is connected by a short link 0 with one end of alloating lever 31, theother end-bf which is connected with the stem 32 of the hell 9. A. link 33 is connected with the floating lever 31 and with Gradually air escapes from the arm 11 of the valve or damper 12. The part 31 is called a floating lever because every part'to which it is connected is capahle of movement; in other words it-has no fixed fulcrum. At the beginning of the blow the bell 9 is in its raised position and the bell is in its lowest position.- Upon opening the carburetor gate valve 7 and turning the three-way cock 13, the hell 9 slowly descends opening the damper 12 as has been explained. This starts a flow of air which produces a difl'erential pressure across the Venturi meter and this differential pressure raises the bell 25, which tends to close the damper valve 12 through the action of the floating lever 31. By adjustment of these two bells and their connected parts, any desired opening of the damper valve at any part of the blow may be obtained. If the pressure on the blast line (5 increases the amount of air delivered for the same opening of the damper or valve 12 would increase, but the increase'of pressure in the blastline increases the differential across the meter 28 thus raising the bell 25 comparatively rapidly and thereby tending to close the damper 12 and reduce the flow of air to the normal or required quantity. Similarly a decrease 'in the blast line pressure would reduce the rate of rising of the bell 25 and would therefore give a greater opening of the damper or valve 12 and increase the flow of air to the normal or desired quantity. In this construction therefore, regardless of the pressure in the main 6, the valve 12 is automatically opened in such a. way that not only is the air supply increased with respect to the carbon monoxid. content in the producer gas, but also is the total quantity of the air supply determined.

It will be obvious that many modifications will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art; for example, the heat generated by the combustion of the producer gas with automatically controlled air admission, as described, need not be stored and used for carburetiug water gas for it can be stored and used for some other purpose, or it may be applied as generated to any purpose, and hence the invention is not intended to be limited to the automatic slow opening air valve shown and described nor further than the state of tlih art may require.

Having thus described my inventiomwhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

L In a gas making apparatus the combi:

nation of a generator in which producer gas having an increasing COInlJl'iSt'lblB content is made, a vessel for the combustion of such producer gas, a gas connection between the increase the quantity of air supplied to burn the increasing combustible content of the producer gas.

In a gas making apparatus the combination of a generator in which producer gas having an increasing combustible content is made, a vessel for the combustion of such producer gas, a gas connection between the two, a secondary air pipe communicating with the vessel, a valve in said pipe, mecha nism for slowly opening said valve to increase the quantity of air supplied to burn the increasing combustible content of the producer gas, and means for varying the rate of opening of the valve.

3. In a gas making apparatus the comhination of an air supply pipe having a meter and valve therein, a pressure device and its connections for operating said valve arranged to communicate with said pipe and and a second pressure device responsive to the meter and adapted to modify the operation of the first mentioned pressure device, substantially as described.

4. In a gas making apparatus the combination of an air supply pipe, a valve therein, a bell and its accessories and connections for slowly opening the valve, and pendant weights arranged to cooperate with the hell during a limited range of its movement, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in he presence of two \v'itnesses;

with the atmosphere,

OWEN BROOKE EVANS.

\Vitnesses CHARLES Po'rrs, It. H. PnnmronEY. 

